In this paper we assess the potential contribution of optimization based systems analysis methods in the modeling of economy-energy-environment interactions. The systems analytic models discussed are developed in a mathematical programming framework which allows a detailed description of technology choices within a coherent economic structure. By refering to an experience gained through the modeling of energy systems of Eastern Canada and Northeastern American states and by invoking some recent advances in the modeling techniques, we want to demonstrate how the mathematical programming approach permits an analysis of multiregional policies for the control of global environmental impacts. The topics addressed include, among others, the simulation of economic equilibria in regulated markets, the management of risk, the evaluation of the dividends of cooperation.