Journées de l'optimisation 2007 Optimizations days

As consequence of high cost of the health care sector in Canada and their predictions for the next years. There is a great interest to understand the implications of medication cycle in the different scopes of the society. For the research proposal, we are taking a special family of drugs, the antidepressants. We want to identify possible interactions with other drugs for patients taking them. Using a database from “La Régie d’Assurance Maladie du Québec” containing information about medical description for a period of 4 years; we apply association rules to identify the consumption profile for elderly people who took simultaneously antidepressant and others drug during one month. As a result, we validate the performance of association rules to characterize the patients’ profiles. Furthermore, the different possible prescription drug interactions will allow us to discover if there are pharmacologist interactions with therapeutic effects. Indeed, the association rules may provide useful insight to understand effects related to some drug consumptions.

L’utilisation des techniques d'analyse automatique est mise à profit dans un but d’évaluation de la compétence linguistique afin d’aider à mieux saisir certains phénomènes liés à l’apprentissage d’une langue étrangère. Il s’agit d’essayer de trouver automatiquement des régularités qui permettent de cerner plus précisément la sous-compétence lexicale chez des scripteurs finnophones en milieu académique. S’appuyant sur un abondant corpus de productions (www.ECC-Lang.fi), nous appliquerons des techniques de discrimination à la recherche de caractéristiques reliées aux diverses compétences linguistiques telles que la sur-utilisation ou la sous-utilisation de certains mots, le nombre de mots par phrase et l'utilisation plus ou moins abondante de la ponctuation. L'objectif de cette étude est, à terme, de pouvoir mettre en évidence, dans le contexte particulier de l’université finlandaise, ce qui relève ou non de la maîtrise lexicale académique telle qu’elle pourrait apparaître dans des échelles du Cadre Commun Européen de référence pour les langues ou dans d’autres échelles apparentées.

Writing from sources is a frequent task at the workplace and its importance increases with the use of computers. This task necessitates a double competence in both reading-extracting information and inventing-composing text. The ‘Eye and Pen’ system was designed to study these skills. Based on a synchronous recording of eye movements (via an eye-tracking system) and pen movement (via a digitazing tablet), the dispositive provides a fine-grained description of the visual strategies used by the writer while composing. To study these strategies, we recorded the graphomotor and eye activity of 25 adults while they were composing a procedural text by referring to documentary sources. Multivariate analyses confirm the existence of contrasted visual patterns, depending on the writer's capacity. From the visual patterns, some statistics are computed. One of them is the transition matrix indicating the frequency with which the eye moves from zone i to zone j. Other statistics such as the average number of different information explored when the eye leaves the writing zone are also considered. From these various statistics, a measure of dissimilarity between respondents is computed and clustering is used to find groups of respondents with similar exploration patterns. The results of this study will be presented and discussed during the talk.